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Natural Satellites Data Center.   Parameters and constants
 Photometric properties of satellites | Nomenclature |
Satellites of Mars
Satellites of Jupiter
Satellites of Saturn
Satellites of Uranus
Satellites of Neptune
Satellites of Pluto
 
 
Designations:
V - visual magnitude from the Earth at mean opposition.
P(0) - geometric albedo in V band (α=0).
α - phase angle (degrees)
Satellites of Mars V References P(0) References
M1 Phobos 11.9 ± 0.2 Zellner & Capen, 1974 0.071 ± 0.012 Simonelli et al. 1998
M2 Deimos 12.95 + 0.036 α ± 0.05
(B-V = 0.65 ± 0.03)
(U-B = 0.18 ± 0.03) 		Zellner & Capen, 1974 0.068 ± 0.007 Thomas et al. 1996
 
Designations:
V - visual magnitude from the Earth at mean opposition.
P - geometric albedo in V band.
(see Comment after this table)
Satellites of Jupiter V References P References
J1 Io 5.02±0.03 Morrison et al., 1974 0.63±0.02 Simonelli & Veverka, 1984
J2 Europa 5.29±0.02 Morrison et al., 1974 0.67±0.03 Buratti & Veverka, 1983
J3 Ganymede 4.61±0.03 Morrison et al., 1974 0.43±0.02 Morrison & Morrison, 1977
J4 Callisto 5.65±0.10 Morrison et al., 1974 0.17±0.02 Morrison & Morrison, 1977
J5 Amalthea 14.1±0.2 Thomas & Veverka, 1982 0.090±0.005 Simonelli et al. 2000
J6 Himalia 14.62±0.02 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J7 Elara 16.32±0.02 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J8 Pasiphae 17.00±0.20 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J9 Sinope 18.05±0.02 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J10 Lysithea 18.25±0.04 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J11 Carme 17.55±0.02 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J12 Ananke 18.75±0.02 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J13 Leda 19.50±0.03 Rettig, Walsh, 2002 0.04 assumed
J14 Thebe 16.0 Veverka et al. 1981 0.047±0.003 Simonelli et al. 2000
J15 Adrastea 18.7 Veverka et al. 1981 0.1±0.045 Thomas et al. 1998
J16 Metis 17.5 Veverka et al. 1981 0.061±0.003 Simonelli et al. 2000
Comment :
Parameters Hapke of photometric model are published :
for satellite Io in McEwen, A. S., Johnson, T. V. & Matson, D. L. 1988, Icarus, 75, 450
for satellites Europa, Ganymede and Callisto
in Domingue, D. & Verbiscer, A. 1997, Icarus, 128, 49
 
 
Data reduced from MPC photometric data (Emel'yanov, Ural'skaya, 2011, Solar System Research, 45, 377).
Designations:
H - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=0° according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (see Bowell et al., 1989)).
G - slope parameter according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (in R band).
V(1,1,6°) - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=6° .
V0(6°) - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth at mean opposition reduced at phase angle α=6° .
sigma - magnitude uncertainties (1σ)
(For some satellites H and G can not be determined from MPC photometric data.)

Satellites of Jupiter H (R band) G (R band) V(1,1,6°) (R band) V0(6°) (R band) sigma
J17 Callirrhoe 14.00 0.40 14.35 21.05 0.17
J18 Themisto - - 14.30 21.00 0.40
J19 Megaclite 14.65 0.17 15.13 21.82 0.18
J20 Taygete 15.10 0.21 15.55 22.25 0.25
J21 Chaldene 15.41 0.04 15.96 22.66 0.46
J22 Harpalyke 15.33 -0.03 15.91 22.61 0.29
J23 Kalyke 14.88 -0.08 15.50 22.20 0.23
J24 Iocaste 14.96 0.03 15.51 22.21 0.21
J25 Erinome 15.90 0.99 16.00 22.70 0.26
J26 Isonoe 15.55 0.18 16.02 22.72 0.24
J27 Praxidike 14.44 -0.20 15.14 21.84 0.45
J28 Autonoe 15.38 0.63 15.63 22.33 0.34
J29 Thyone 15.46 0.31 15.86 22.56 0.22
J30 Hermippe 14.91 -0.20 15.61 22.30 0.32
J31 Aitne 15.86 0.71 16.08 22.78 0.32
J32 Eurydome 15.81 0.21 16.27 22.96 0.24
J33 Euanthe 15.81 -0.35 16.61 23.31 0.22
J34 Euporie 16.20 0.74 16.40 23.10 0.17
J35 Orthosie 15.99 -0.34 16.78 23.48 0.12
J36 Sponde 16.12 -0.17 16.79 23.49 0.25
J37 Kale - - 16.21 22.91 0.39
J38 Pasithee 16.49 0.43 16.83 23.53 0.19
J39 Hegemone 15.97 1.08 16.04 22.74 0.23
J40 Mneme 15.98 0.31 16.38 23.08 0.22
J41 Aoede 15.51 0.58 15.78 22.48 0.21
J42 Thelxinoe 15.95 0.21 16.40 23.10 0.27
J43 Arche 16.10 0.79 16.28 22.98 0.31
J44 Kallichore 16.27 0.78 16.45 23.15 0.18
J45 Helike 15.44 -0.02 16.02 22.72 0.29
J46 Carpo 15.98 0.60 16.24 22.94 0.22
J47 Eukelade 15.44 0.16 15.92 22.62 0.29
J48 Cyllene 16.23 1.18 16.26 22.96 0.20
J49 Kore 15.86 -0.23 16.58 23.28 0.60
J50 Herse 16.19 0.45 16.52 23.22 0.25
S/2003 J 2 - - 16.55 23.25 0.25
S/2003 J 3 16.67 1.16 16.71 23.41 0.17
S/2003 J 4 - - 16.88 23.58 0.17
S/2003 J 5 15.21 -0.16 15.88 22.58 0.18
S/2003 J 9 16.89 0.99 16.99 23.69 0.12
S/2003 J 10 - - 16.90 23.60 0.10
S/2003 J 12 - - 17.16 23.86 0.50
S/2003 J 15 16.64 0.74 16.85 23.55 0.17
S/2003 J 16 - - 16.63 23.33 1.30
S/2003 J 18 16.08 0.19 16.55 23.25 0.11
S/2003 J 19 - - 16.69 23.38 0.15
S/2003 J 23 - - 16.90 23.60 0.20
S/2010 J 1 16.38 0.18 16.85 23.55 0.06
S/2010 J 2 - - 17.30 24.00 0.10
S/2011 J 1 - - 16.90 23.60 0.20
S/2011 J 2 - - 16.90 23.60 0.20
S/2016 J 1 - - 16.80 23.50 -
S/2017 J 1 - - 16.50 23.20 -
 
 
Designations:
V - visual magnitude from the Earth at mean opposition (R - in red) .
P - geometric albedo in visual.
* - see also the next table.
Satellites of Saturn V References P References
S1 Mimas 12.8 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S2 Enceladus 11.8 Morrison et al. 1984 1.0 Morrison et al. 1984
S3 Tethys 10.2 Morrison et al. 1984 0.8 Morrison et al. 1984
S4 Dione 10.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S5 Rhea 9.6 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S6 Titan 8.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.2 Morrison et al. 1984
S7 Hyperion 14.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.3 Morrison et al. 1984
S8 Iapetus 11 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S9 Phoebe 16.4    * Morrison et al. 1984 0.081±0.002 Simonelli et al. 1999
S10 Janus 14.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S11 Epimetheus 15.6 Morrison et al. 1984 0.5 Morrison et al. 1984
S12 Helene 18.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S13 Telesto 18.5 Morrison et al. 1984 1.0 Morrison et al. 1984
S14 Calypso 18.7 Morrison et al. 1984 0.7 Morrison et al. 1984
S15 Atlas 19.0 Morrison et al. 1984 0.4 Morrison et al. 1984
S16 Prometheus 15.8 Morrison et al. 1984 0.6 Morrison et al. 1984
S17 Pandora 16.4 Morrison et al. 1984 0.5 Morrison et al. 1984
S18 Pan 19.4 Showalter M.R., 1991 0.5 Showalter M.R., 1991
 
 
Data reduced from MPC photometric data (Emel'yanov, Ural'skaya, 2011, Solar System Research, 45, 377).
Designations:
H - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=0° according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (see Bowell et al., 1989)).
G - slope parameter according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (in R band).
V(1,1,3°) - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=3° .
V0(3°) - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth at mean opposition reduced at phase angle α=3° .
sigma - magnitude uncertainties (1σ)
(For some satellites H and G can not be determined from MPC photometric data.)
* - see also the next table.

Satellites of Saturn H (R band) G (R band) V(1,1,3°) (R band) V0(3°) (R band) sigma
S19 Ymir    * 11.97 0.25 12.25 21.81 0.14
S20 Paaliaq    * 11.62 0.78 11.74 21.30 0.20
S21 Tarvos    * 12.65 0.77 12.78 22.34 0.22
S22 Ijiraq    * 13.03 0.64 13.19 22.75 0.27
S23 Suttungr    * 14.50 1.69 14.42 23.98 0.22
S24 Kiviuq    * 12.32 0.61 12.49 22.05 0.29
S25 Mundilfari    * 14.43 1.48 14.39 23.95 0.29
S26 Albiorix    * 11.15 0.81 11.26 20.83 0.39
S27 Skathi    * 14.26 1.20 14.28 23.84 0.14
S28 Erriapo    * 13.28 0.27 13.54 23.11 0.25
S29 Siarnaq    * 9.91 -0.30 10.36 19.92 0.10
S30 Thrymr    * 14.01 0.48 14.22 23.78 0.19
S31 Narvi - - 14.66 24.22 0.26
S36 Aegir 14.99 -0.05 15.36 24.92 0.19
S37 Bebhionn - - 14.85 24.41 0.30
S38 Bergelmir 14.88 0.79 15.01 24.57 0.12
S39 Bestla - - 14.48 24.04 0.33
S40 Farbauti - - 15.45 25.01 0.16
S41 Fenrir 15.56 0.75 15.70 25.26 0.07
S42 Fornjot 15.00 0.13 15.31 24.87 0.26
S43 Hati - - 15.09 24.66 0.24
S44 Hyrrokkin 13.90 0.19 14.19 23.76 0.19
S45 Kari 14.52 0.80 14.64 24.21 0.14
S46 Loge 14.94 0.16 15.23 24.80 0.13
S47 Skoll 14.91 0.09 15.24 24.80 0.18
S48 Surtur 15.37 0.03 15.71 25.27 0.24
S50 Jarnsaxa 15.44 1.66 15.36 24.92 0.07
S51 Greip - - 15.20 24.77 0.18
S52 Tarqeq 14.57 1.04 14.63 24.19 0.12
S/2004 S 7 - - 15.03 24.60 0.25
S/2004 S 12 - - 15.28 24.85 0.21
S/2004 S 13 - - 15.26 24.83 0.33
S/2004 S 17 - - 15.68 25.25 0.16
S/2006 S 1 15.07 -0.22 15.49 25.05 0.05
S/2006 S 3 15.53 2.72 15.24 24.80 0.07
S/2007 S 2 - - 14.88 24.45 0.21
S/2007 S 3 15.42 0.74 15.55 25.12 0.21
 
 
mV - V magnitude of a satellite
at solar distance   r, au,   observer distance   Δ, au,   phase angle   α, deg .
H(1, 1, 0) - absolute magnitudes using the H–G formulation:
H(1, 1, α) = V-5 log(rΔ)+2.5 log10 [(1-G)·Φ1(α) +G·Φ2(α)]  see (Bowell et al., 1989).
HV, GV, HR, GR, HB, GB are the values of H(1, 1, 0) and G in V, R, and B bands accordingly.
Satellites of Saturn mV r Δ α B-V V-R V-I H(1,1,0) G References
S9 Phoebe - - - - - - - HR=6.24
HB=7.186 		GR=0.02
GB=-0.07 		Bauer et al., 2006
S26 Albiorix -
-
20.64
21.32
21.40 		-
-
8.9356
8.9742
9.1750 		-
-
7.9602
8.9755
9.2304 		-
-
0.8545
6.4035
6.1467 		-
-
0.80
0.96
0.79 		-
-
0.47
0.52
0.52 		-
-
0.76
0.96
1.06 		HR=10.86
HB=12.14
 
HR= 10.87
  		GR=0.39
GB=0.33
 
GR= 0.42
  		Bauer et al., 2006
 
 
Grav, Bauer, 2007
 
S21 Tarvos -
23.01 		-
9.0066 		-
8.6380 		-
5.9780 		-
0.78 		-
0.43 		-
0.82 		HR=12.73
HR= 12.61 		GR=0.42
GR=0.19 		Bauer et al., 2006
Grav, Bauer, 2007
S28 Erriapo 23.32 8.9398 8.5467 5.9653 0.71 0.40 0.86 HR= 13.27 GR= 0.57 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S29 Siarnaq -
-
20.10
20.72 		-
-
8.9435
8.9867 		-
-
7.9686
9.0185 		-
-
0.8796
6.3844 		-
-
0.87
0.88 		-
-
0.48
0.49 		-
-
1.03
1.02 		HR= 10.38
HB= 11.77
HR= 10.24 		GR= 0.45
GB= 0.41
GR= 0.27 		Bauer et al., 2006
 
Grav, Bauer, 2007
S20 Paaliaq -
-
21.17 		-
-
9.0979 		-
-
8.1222 		-
-
0.8277 		-
-
0.86 		-
-
0.40 		-
-
0.92 		HR=11.23
HB=12.54
HR= 11.27 		GR= 0.04
GB=-0.13
GR= -0.04 		Bauer et al., 2006
 
Grav, Bauer, 2007
S24 Kiviuq 22.83
23.63 		9.0183
9.0199 		8.6176
9.0490 		5.8912
6.3622 		0.86
0.92 		0.48
0.50 		0.98
0.98 		HR= 12.43 GR= 0.27 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S22 Ijiraq -
23.40 		-
9.0374 		-
8.6361 		-
5.8771 		-
1.05 		-
0.58 		-
1.09 		HR=12.73
HR=12.85 		GR=-0.11
GR=-0.14 		Bauer et al., 2006
Grav, Bauer, 2007
S19 Ymir 21.88
22.43 		9.1545
9.1871 		8.1811
9.1817 		0.9353
6.2573 		0.80
0.77 		0.45
0.41 		0.89
0.86 		HR= 11.81 GR= 0.01 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S27 Skathi 23.80 9.1157 8.1428 0.9602 0.72 0.37 0.88 HR= 14.04 GR= 0.64 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S30 Thrymr 23.70 8.8941 7.9190 0.8776 0.41 0.59 0.86 HR= 13.73 GR=-0.22 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S23 Suttungr 24.03 8.9335 7.9585 0.8789 0.47 0.65 0.78 HR= 14.08 GR= 0.68 Grav, Bauer, 2007
S25 Mundilfari 24.07 9.0969 8.1207 0.8015 0.58 0.41 0.52 HR= 14.28 GR= 0.95 Grav, Bauer, 2007
 
 
Satellites of Uranus  
V0 - visual magnitude at 1 au from the sun and observer
V0min et V0max are the maximum and minimum magnitude at 0 degrees phase angle and at a subsolar latitude of -40 degrees.
Δm - the magnitude drop at 1 degrees phase angle.
Magnitudes from Earth at mean opposition distance are fainter by 12.71.
P - albedo geometric at 1 degrees phase angle.
(see Comment after this table.)
Satellites d'Uranus V0min V0max Δm P References Sources of the data
U1 Ariel 0.97 1.01 0.44 0.36 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U2 Umbriel 1.75 1.77 0.32 0.19 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U3 Titania 0.76 0.80 0.36 0.25 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U4 Oberon 0.98 1.00 0.36 0.22 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U5 Miranda 3.07 3.09 0.41 0.32 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U6 Cordelia 10.81 11.00 0.09 0.065 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U7 Ophelia 10.45 10.64 0.09 0.065 Karkoschka, 2001 Extensive search on Voyager images
U8 Bianca 9.71
  		9.90
  		0.23
  		0.65
0.065±0.010 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U9 Cressida 8.80
  		8.93
  		0.23
  		0.65
0.069±0.007 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U10 Desdemona 9.15
  		9.40
  		0.23
  		0.065
0.084±0.019 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U11 Juliet 8.25
  		8.56
  		0.23
  		0.065
0.075±0.011 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U12 Portia 7.64
  		7.77
  		0.23
  		0.065
0.069±0.008 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U13 Rosalind 9.08
  		9.08
  		0.23
  		0.065
0.072±0.024 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U14 Belinda 8.60
  		8.92
  		0.23
  		0.065
0.067±0.024 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U15 Puck 7.04
  		7.04
  		0.22
  		0.085
0.104±0.006 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U25 Perdita 10.99
  		10.99
  		0.23
  		0.65
0.070±0.006 		Karkoschka, 2001
Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 		Extensive search on Voyager images
HST photometry
U26 Mab       0.103±6 Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 HST photometry
U27 Cupid       0.070±6 Showalter, Lissauer, 2006 HST photometry
Comment :
In ( Karkoschka, 2001 ) following data are given
for the satellites U1 - U15, S/1986 U10 :
1. Parameters Hapke of photometric models.
2. Rotational lightcurves.
3. Phase functions.
4. Color Indices.
 
 
Data reduced from MPC photometric data (Emel'yanov, Ural'skaya, 2011, Solar System Research, 45, 377).
Designations:
H - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=0° according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (see Bowell et al., 1989)).
G - slope parameter according to the IAU two-parameter magnitude system (in R band).
V(1,1,1°) - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=1° .
V0(1°) - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth at mean opposition reduced at phase angle α=1° .
sigma - magnitude uncertainties (1σ)
R[1] - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth published in Sheppard et al., 2005
R[2] - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth published in Maris et al., 2001
Satellites of Uranus H (R) G (R) V(1,1,1°) (R) V0(1°) (R) sigma R[1] R[2]
U16 Caliban 8.86 1.14 8.87 21.60 0.21 22.4 21.91
U17 Sycorax 7.59 1.45 7.58 20.30 0.19 20.8 20.46
U18 Prospero 10.28 1.22 10.29 23.01 0.14 23.2 -
U19 Setebos 10.12 -0.28 10.29 23.01 0.21 23.3 -
U20 Stephano 11.13 -0.13 11.29 24.01 0.20 24.1 -
U21 Trinculo 12.42 1.25 12.42 25.15 0.22 25.4 -
U22 Francisco 12.34 -1.15 12.62 25.34 0.16 25.0 -
U23 Margaret 12.40 0.87 12.44 25.16 0.20 25.2 -
U24 Ferdinand 12.14 0.97 12.17 24.89 0.09 25.1 -
 
 
Satellites of Neptune  
Designations:
V - visual magnitude from the Earth at mean opposition.
P - geometric albedo in visual.
Satellites of Neptune V References P References
N1 Triton 13.472±0.041 Goguen et al., 1989 0.756±0.041 Goguen et al., 1989
N2 Nereid 19.7 Thomas et al., 1991 0.155 Thomas et al., 1991
N3 Naiad 23.91 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.072 Karkoschka E., 2003
N4 Thalassa 23.32 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.091 Karkoschka E., 2003
N5 Despina 22.00 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.090 Karkoschka E., 2003
N6 Galatea 21.85 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.079 Karkoschka E., 2003
N7 Larissa 21.49 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.091 Karkoschka E., 2003
N8 Proteus 19.75 Karkoschka E., 2003 0.096 Karkoschka E., 2003
S/2004 N 1 26.5 CBET 3586 - -
 
Designations:
V0 - visual magnitude at 1 au from the sun and observer.
pV - geometric albedo in visual.
Satellites of Neptune Side V0 pV References
N1 Triton leading side WE
trailing side EE 		-1.34±0.01
-1.26±0.01 		0.84±0.01
0.78±0.01 		Pascu et al., 2006
N8 Proteus leading side WE
trailing side EE 		5.09±0.02
5.19±0.02 		0.093±0.001
0.084±0.001 		Pascu et al., 2006
 
 
Data reduced from MPC photometric data (Emel'yanov, Ural'skaya, 2011, Solar System Research, 45, 377).
Designations:
V(1,1,0.8°) - absolute magnitude in R band at solar distance 1 au, observer distance 1 au, reduced at phase angle α=0.8° .
V0(0.8°) - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth at mean opposition reduced at phase angle α=0.8° .
sigma - magnitude uncertainties (1σ)
R[1] - visual magnitude in R band from the Earth published in Sheppard et al., 2006

Satellites of Neptune V(1,1,0.8°) (R) V0(0.8°) (R) sigma R[1]
N9 Halimede 9.44 24.15 0.29 24.5
N10 Psamathe 10.57 25.28 0.38 25.5
N11 Sao 10.63 25.39 0.20 25.5
N12 Laomedeia 10.31 25.03 0.33 25.5
N13 Neso 10.04 24.75 0.24 24.6
 
 
Designations:
V - visual magnitude from the Earth at mean opposition.
P - geometric albedo in visual.
Satellites of Pluto V B-V References P References
Pluto - 0.9540±0.0010 Buie et al. 2010 - -
P1 Charon 17.26±0.01
17.97
- 		-
0.71
0.7315±0.0013 		Reinsch et al. 1994
Buie et al. 2006
Buie et al. 2010 		0.372±0.012
-
- 		Reinsch et al. 1994
-
-
P2 Nix 24.55±0.10 0.91±0.15 Buie et al. 2006 0.65 Weaver et al., 2016
P3 Hydra 24.39±0.09 0.64±0.12 Buie et al. 2006 0.56 Weaver et al., 2016
P4 Kerberos 26.0±0.3 - CBET 2769 0.56 Weaver et al., 2016
P5 Styx 27.0 - IAUC 9253 0.83 Weaver et al., 2016
 
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